How do we classify cancers? what are the causes of cancer

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opracowano system klasyfikacji oparty na typie komórki, która wytworzyła nowotwór
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a classification system was developed based on the type of cell that produced the cancer
większość wszystkich nowotworów to: raki, mięsaki, chłoniqki i białaczki
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the majority of all cancer are: carcinomas, sarcomas, lymphomas, and leukemias
raki obejmują komórki nabłonkowe (komórki wyściełające ciało)
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cancers involve the epithelial cells (cells linint the body)
Mięsak jest rakiem tkanek miękkich ciała, tj.np. mięśnie, tłuszcz, nerwy, naczynia krwionośne
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Sarcoma is a cancer of the soft tissues of the body, such as, e.g. muscle, fat, nerves, blood vessels
Mięsak może również pojawiać wię w kościach, szczególnie w nogach
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Sarcoma can also occure in bones, primarily in the legs
chłoniaki to nowotwory tkanki limfatycznej: węzły chłonne, szpik kostny, śledziona i grasica
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Lymphomas are cancers of the lymphoid tissue: lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen, and thymus
białaczki rozwijają się z białych krwinek i także wpływają na szpik kostny i śledzione
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leukemias develop from white blood cells and also affect the bone marrow and spleen
dokładna etiologia raka nie jest znana, ale uważa się, że do jego rozowju przyczynia się: dziedziczność, wirusy, czynniki rakotwórcze, środowiskowe i prawdopodobnie stres
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the precise etiology of cancer is unknown, but it is thought that heredity, viruses, carcinogens, environmental factors, and possibly stress contribute to its development
rak nie jest dziedziczny, ale czasem rodziny mają do niego predyspozycje genetyczne
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cancer is not hereditary, but sometimes families are genetically predisposed to it
substancje rakotwórcze występujące w środowisku to promieniowanie (np. rentgen, słońce), chemikalia w żywności lub wodzie, chemikalia, które dotykaja skóry i wdychane substancje, np. dym tytoniowy
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environmental carcinogens are radiation (e.g. x-ray, sun), chemicals in food or water, chemicals that touch the skin, and inhaled substances, e.g. tobacco smoke

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